Ubuntu Manpage: podman-machine-init - Initialize a new virtual machine

Provided by: podman_4.9.3+ds1-1ubuntu0.2_amd64

NAME

       podman-machine-init - Initialize a new virtual machine

SYNOPSIS

       podman machine init [options] [name]

DESCRIPTION

Initialize a new virtual machine for Podman.

The default machine name is podman-machine-default. If a machine name is not specified as an argument,
then the new machine will be named podman-machine-default.

Rootless only.

Podman on MacOS and Windows requires a virtual machine. This is because containers are Linux - containers
do not run on any other OS because containers' core functionality are tied to the Linux kernel. Podman
machine must be used to manage MacOS and Windows machines, but can be optionally used on Linux.

podman machine init initializes a new Linux virtual machine where containers are run. SSH keys are
automatically generated to access the VM, and system connections to the root account and a user account
inside the VM are added.

By default, the VM distribution is Fedora CoreOS except for WSL which is based on a custom Fedora image.
While Fedora CoreOS upgrades come out every 14 days, the automatic update mechanism Zincata is disabled
by Podman machine.

To check if there is an upgrade available for your machine os, you can run the following command:

$ podman machine ssh 'sudo rpm-ostree upgrade --check'

If an update is available, you can rerun the above command and remove the --check and your operating
system will be updated. After updating, you must stop and start your machine with podman machine stop &&
podman machine start for it to take effect.

Note: Updating as described above can result in version mismatches between Podman on the host and Podman
in the machine. Executing podman info should reveal versions of both. A configuration where the Podman
host and machine mismatch are unsupported.

For more information on updates and advanced configuration, see the Fedora CoreOS documentation about
auto-updates and update strategies.

Fedora CoreOS upgrades come out every 14 days and are detected and installed automatically. The VM is
rebooted during the upgrade. For more information on updates and advanced configuration, see the Fedora
CoreOS documentation about auto-updates and update strategies.

OPTIONS

--cpus=number
Number of CPUs.

--disk-size=number
Size of the disk for the guest VM in GiB.

--help
Print usage statement.

--ignition-path
Fully qualified path of the ignition file.

If an ignition file is provided, the file is copied into the user's CONF_DIR and renamed. Additionally,
no SSH keys are generated, nor are any system connections made. It is assumed that the user does these
things manually or handled otherwise.

--image-path
Fully qualified path or URL to the VM image. Can also be set to testing, next, or stable to pull down
default image. Defaults to testing.

--memory, -m=number
Memory (in MiB). Note: 1024MiB = 1GiB.

--now
Start the virtual machine immediately after it has been initialized.

--rootful
Whether this machine prefers rootful (true) or rootless (false) container execution. This option
determines the remote connection default if there is no existing remote connection configurations.

API forwarding, if available, follows this setting.

--timezone
Set the timezone for the machine and containers. Valid values are local or a timezone such as
America/Chicago. A value of local, which is the default, means to use the timezone of the machine host.

The timezone setting is not used with WSL. WSL automatically sets the timezone to the same as the host
Windows operating system.

--usb=bus=number,devnum=number or vendor=hexadecimal,product=hexadecimal
Assign a USB device from the host to the VM via USB passthrough. Only supported for QEMU Machines.

The device needs to have proper permissions in order to be passed to the machine. This means the device
needs to be under your user group.

Note that using bus and device number are simpler but the values can change every boot or when the device
is unplugged.

When specifying a USB using vendor and product ID's, if more than one device has the same vendor and
product ID, the first available device is assigned.

--user-mode-networking
Indicates that this machine relays traffic from the guest through a user-space process running on the
host. In some VPN configurations the VPN may drop traffic from alternate network interfaces, including VM
network devices. By enabling user-mode networking (a setting of true), VPNs observe all podman machine
traffic as coming from the host, bypassing the problem.

When the qemu backend is used (Linux, Mac), user-mode networking is mandatory and the only allowed value
is true. In contrast, The Windows/WSL backend defaults to false, and follows the standard WSL network
setup. Changing this setting to true on Windows/WSL informs Podman to replace the WSL networking setup
on start of this machine instance with a user-mode networking distribution. Since WSL shares the same
kernel across distributions, all other running distributions reuses this network. Likewise, when the
last machine instance with a true setting stops, the original networking setup is restored.

--username
Username to use for executing commands in remote VM. Default value is core for FCOS and user for Fedora
(default on Windows hosts). Should match the one used inside the resulting VM image.

--volume, -v=source:target[:options]
Mounts a volume from source to target.

Create a mount. If /host-dir:/machine-dir is specified as the *source:target*, Podman mounts host-dir in
the host to machine-dir in the Podman machine.

Additional options may be specified as a comma-separated string. Recognized options are: * ro: mount
volume read-only * rw: mount volume read/write (default) * security_model=[model]: specify 9p security
model (see below)

The 9p security model [determines]
https://wiki.qemu.org/Documentation/9psetup#Starting_the_Guest_directly if and how the 9p filesystem
translates some filesystem operations before actual storage on the host.

In order to allow symlinks to work, on MacOS the default security model is
none.

The value of mapped-xattr specifies that 9p store symlinks and some file attributes as extended
attributes on the host. This is suitable when the host and the guest do not need to interoperate on the
shared filesystem, but has caveats for actual shared access; notably, symlinks on the host are not usable
on the guest and vice versa. If interoperability is required, then choose none instead, but keep in mind
that the guest is not able to do things that the user running the virtual machine cannot do, e.g. create
files owned by another user. Using none is almost certainly the best choice for read-only volumes.

Example: -v "$HOME/git:$HOME/git:ro,security_model=none"

Default volume mounts are defined in containers.conf. Unless changed, the default values is $HOME:$HOME.

--volume-driver
Driver to use for mounting volumes from the host, such as virtfs.

EXAMPLES

       $ podman machine init
       $ podman machine init myvm
       $ podman machine init --rootful
       $ podman machine init --disk-size 50
       $ podman machine init --memory=1024 myvm
       $ podman machine init -v /Users:/mnt/Users
       $ podman machine init --usb vendor=13d3,product=5406
       $ podman machine init --usb bus=1,devnum=3

HISTORY