Provided by: openjade_1.4devel1-23.3_amd64 
NAME
openjade - apply a DSSSL stylesheet to an SGML or XML document
SYNOPSIS
openjade [-vCegG2s] [-b encoding] [-f error_file] [-c catalog_sysid] [-D dir] [-a link_type] [-A arch]
[-E max_errors] [-i entity] [-w warning_type] [-d dsssl_spec] [-V variable[=value]]
[-t output_type] [-o output_file] [sysid...]
DESCRIPTION
openjade is an implementation of the ISO/IEC 10179:1996 standard DSSSL language. The DSSSL engine re‐
ceives as input an SGML or XML document and transforms it into formats like:
* XML representation of the flow object tree.
* RTF format that can be rendered and printed with Microsoft's free Word Viewer 97
* TeX format
* MIF format that can be rendered and printed with Framemaker
* SGML or XML format. This is used in conjunction with non-standard flow object classes to generate SGML,
thus allowing openjade to be used for SGML/XML transformations.
The system identifier of the document to be processed is specified as an argument to openjade. If this is
omitted, standard input will be read.
openjade determines the system identifier for the DSSSL specification as follows:
1. If the -d option is specified, it will use the argument as the system identifier.
2. Otherwise, it will look for processing instructions in the prolog of the document. Two kinds of pro‐
cessing instruction are recognized:
<?stylesheet href="sysid" type="text/dsssl">
The system data of the processing instruction is parsed like an SGML start-tag. It will be parsed using
the reference concrete syntax whatever the actual concrete syntax of the document. The name that starts
the processing instruction can be either stylesheet, xml-stylesheet or xml:stylesheet. The processing in‐
struction will be ignored unless the value of the type attribute is one of text/dsssl, text/x-dsssl, ap‐
plication/dsssl, or application/x-dsssl. The value of href attribute is the system identifier of the
DSSSL specification.
<?dsssl sysid>
The system identifier is the portion of the system data of the processing instruction following the ini‐
tial name and any whitespace.
Although the processing instruction is only recognized in the prolog, it need not occur in the document
entity. For example, it could occur in a DTD. The system identifier will be interpreted relative to where
the the processing instruction occurs.
3. Otherwise, it will use the system identifier of the document with any extension changed to .dsl.
A DSSSL specification document can contain more than one style-specification. If the system identifier of
the DSSSL specification is followed by #id, then openjade will use the style-specification whose unique
identifier is id. This is allowed both with the -d option and with the processing instructions.
The DSSSL specification must be an SGML document conforming to the DSSSL architecture. For an example,
see dsssl/demo.dsl.
openjade supports the following options in addition to the normal OpenSP (see onsgmls(1)) options (note
that all options are case-sensitive, ie -g and -G are different options):
-d dsssl_spec
This specifies that dsssl_spec is the system identifier of the DSSSL specification to be used.
-G Debug mode. When an error occurs in the evaluation of an expression, openjade will display a stack
trace. Note that this disables tail-call optimization.
-c filename
The filename arguments specify catalog files rather than the document entity. The document entity
is specified by the first DOCUMENT entry in the catalog files.
-s Strict compliance mode. Currently the only effect is that jade doesn't use any predefined charac‐
ter names, sdata-entity mappings or name-characters. This is useful for checking that your
stylesheet is portable to other DSSSL implementations and that it is strictly compliant to the
DSSSL specifications.
-t output_type
output_type specifies the type of output as follows:
fot An XML representation of the flow object tree
rtf rtf-95 RTF (used for SGML/XML to RTF transformations) Microsoft's Rich Text Format. rtf-95
produces output optimized for Word 95 rather than Word 97.
tex TeX (used for SGML/XML to TeX transformations)
sgml sgml-raw SGML (used for SGML/XML to SGML transformations). sgml-raw doesn't emit linebreaks
in tags.
xml xml-raw XML (used for SGML/XML to XML transformations). xml-raw doesn't emit linebreaks in
tags.
html HTML (used for SGML/XML to HTML transformations)
mif MIF (used for SGML/XML to MIF transformations)
-o output_file
Write output to output_file instead of the default. The default filename is the name of the last
input file with its extension replaced by the name of the type of output. If there is no input
filename, then the extension is added onto jade-out.
-V variable
This is equivalent to doing (define variable #t) except that this definition will take priority
over any definition of variable in a style-sheet.
-V variable=value
This is equivalent to doing (define variable "value") except that this definition will take prior‐
ity over any definition of variable in a style-sheet.
-V (define variable value)
This is equivalent to doing (define variable value) except that this definition will take priority
over any definition of variable in a style-sheet. Note that you will probably have to use some es‐
caping mechanism for the spaces to get the entire scheme expression parsed as one cmdline argu‐
ment.
-wtype Control warnings and errors. Multiple -w options are allowed. The following values of type enable
warnings:
xml Warn about constructs that are not allowed by XML.
mixed Warn about mixed content models that do not allow #pcdata anywhere.
sgmldecl Warn about various dubious constructions in the SGML declaration.
should Warn about various recommendations made in ISO 8879 that the document does not comply with.
(Recommendations are expressed with ``should'', as distinct from requirements which are usually
expressed with ``shall''.)
default Warn about defaulted references.
duplicate Warn about duplicate entity declarations.
undefined Warn about undefined elements: elements used in the DTD but not defined.
unclosed Warn about unclosed start and end-tags.
empty Warn about empty start and end-tags.
net Warn about net-enabling start-tags and null end-tags.
min-tag Warn about minimized start and end-tags. Equivalent to combination of unclosed, empty and
net warnings.
unused-map Warn about unused short reference maps: maps that are declared with a short reference
mapping declaration but never used in a short reference use declaration in the DTD.
unused-param Warn about parameter entities that are defined but not used in a DTD. Unused internal
parameter entities whose text is INCLUDE or IGNORE won't get the warning.
notation-sysid Warn about notations for which no system identifier could be generated.
all Warn about conditions that should usually be avoided (in the opinion of the author). Equiva‐
lent to: mixed, should, default, undefined, sgmldecl, unused-map, unused-param, empty and un‐
closed.
A warning can be disabled by using its name prefixed with no-. Thus -wall -wno-duplicate will en‐
able all warnings except those about duplicate entity declarations.
The following values for warning_type disable errors:
no-idref Do not give an error for an ID reference value which no element has as its ID. The effect
will be as if each attribute declared as an ID reference value had been declared as a name.
no-significant Do not give an error when a character that is not a significant character in the
reference concrete syntax occurs in a literal in the SGML declaration. This may be useful in con‐
junction with certain buggy test suites.
no-valid Do not require the document to be type-valid. This has the effect of changing the SGML
declaration to specify VALIDITY NOASSERT and IMPLYDEF ATTLIST YES ELEMENT YES. An option of
-wvalid has the effect of changing the SGML declaration to specify VALIDITY TYPE and IMPLYDEF AT‐
TLIST NO ELEMENT NO. If neither -wvalid nor -wno-valid are specified, then the VALIDITY and IMPLY‐
DEF specified in the SGML declaration will be used.
ENVIRONMENT
OpenJade ignores the SP_CHARSET_FIXED and SP_SYSTEM_CHARSET environment variables and always uses Unicode
as its internal character set, as if SP_CHARSET_FIXED was 1 and SP_SYSTEM_CHARSET was unset. Thus only
the SP_ENCODING environment variable is relevant to OpenJade's handling of character sets.
OPENJADE EXTENSIONS
The following external procedures are available. These external procedures are defined by a prototype in
the same manner as in the standard. To use one of these external procedures, you must make use of the
standard external-procedure procedure, using a public identifier of "UNREGISTERED::James Clark//Proce‐
dure::name" where name is the name given here, typically by including the following in the DSSSL specifi‐
cation:
(define name (external-procedure "UNREGISTERED::James Clark//Procedure::name"))
Note that external-procedure returns #f if it doesn't know about the specified public identifier. You can
use this to enable your DSSSL specifications to work gracefully with other implementations which do not
support these extensions.
For external procedures added by the OpenJade team, use a public identifier of the form "UNREGIS‐
TERED::OpenJade//Procedure::name".
An easy way to get access to all external procedures is to use the style specification dsssl/exten‐
sions.dsl#procedures. The file dsssl/extensions.dsl also contains style specifications which make the
nonstandard flow object classes and inherited characteristics supported by the backends available in a
convenient way.
Debugging
(debug obj)
Generates a message including the value of obj and then returns obj.
Simple-page-sequence header/footer control
(if-first-page sosofo1 sosofo2)
This can be used only in the specification of the value of one of the header/footer characteristics of
simple-page-sequence. It returns a sosofo that will display as sosofo1 if the page is the first page of
the simple-page-sequence and as sosofo2 otherwise.
(if-front-page sosofo1 sosofo2)
This can be used only in the specification of the value of one of the header/footer characteristics of
simple-page-sequence. It returns a sosofo that will display as sosofo1 if the page is a front (ie recto,
odd-numbered) page and as sosofo2 if it is a back (ie verso, even-numbered) page.
Numbering
(all-element-number)
(all-element-number osnl)
This is the same as element-number except it counts elements with any generic identifier. If osnl is not
an element returns #f, otherwise returns 1 plus the number of elements that started before osnl. This
provides an efficient way of creating a unique identifier for any element in a document.
External entity access
(read-entity string)
This returns a string containing the contents of the external entity with system identifier string. This
should be used only for textual entities (CDATA and SDATA), and not for binary entities (NDATA).
POSIX locale access
(language lang country)
This procedure returns an object of type language, if the system supports the specified language. lang is
a string or symbol giving the two letter language code. country is a string or symbol giving the two let‐
ter country code.
This procedure uses POSIX locales. It is an OpenJade addition. It is not supported on all operating sys‐
tems.
Extended standard procedures
(sgml-parse sysid #!key active: parent: architecture:)
This allows you to specify an SGML architecture with respect to which the document should be parsed. It
is an OpenJade addition.
(expt q k)
This allows you to raise a quantity to an integral power. It is an OpenJade addition.
LIMITATIONS
This section describes the limitations of the front-end (the general-purpose DSSSL engine); each backend
also has its own limitations.
openjade doesn't allow internal definitions at the beginning of bodies and the (test => recipient) vari‐
ant of cond clauses.
openjade supports only a single, fixed grove plan which comprises the following modules:
* baseabs
* prlgabs0
* prlgabs1
* instabs
* basesds0
* instsds0
* subdcabs
It doesn't implement the following parts of SDQL: HyTime support, auxiliary parsing, node regular expres‐
sions.
Query rules, sosofo synchronization, indirect sosofos, reference values, decoration areas and font prop‐
erties are not supported.
Note that only inherited characteristics that are applicable to some supported flow object can be speci‐
fied.
Character/glyph handling
It only supports a single pre-defined character repertoire. A character name of the form U-XXXX where
XXXX are four upper-case hexadecimal digits, is recognized as referring to the Unicode character with
that code. For many characters, it is also possible to use the ISO/IEC 10646 name in lower-case with
words separated by hyphens.
Some common SDATA entity names from the ISO entity sets are recognized and mapped to characters. In addi‐
tion an SDATA entity name of the form U-XXXX, where XXXX are four upper-case hexadecimal digits, is
mapped to the Unicode character with that code.
OpenJade now supports the standard-chars, map-sdata-entity, add-name-chars, add-separator-chars and
char-repertoire declaration element forms, allowing a style-sheet to define additional character names,
sdata entity mappings, name characters (i.e. characters allowed in identifiers) and separator characters.
Currently the only recognized character repertoire is the built-in repertoire. It has the public identi‐
fier "UNREGISTERED::OpenJade//Character Repertoire::OpenJade".
Validation
Several things that it would be desirable to have checked aren't checked:
* When the allowed value of an inherited characteristic is a symbol, OpenJade checks only that the value
is a symbol that is allowed as the value of some characteristic; #t and #f are treated as a special kind
of symbol in this case.
* OpenJade doesn't check whether a flow object is occurring in a context where it is allowed.
* OpenJade does not prevent flow objects being attached to the principal port of a flow object when the
flow object shouldn't have a principal port.
* Most type-checking is done at run-time not compile-time.
* OpenJade does not check for non-inherited characteristics that are required to be specified.
* It doesn't check that optional features that have been used were declared in the features form.
Other limitations
The following primitives are just stubs:
char-script-case Always returns last argument.
address-visited? Always returns #f.
EXAMPLES
Given an SGML file file.sgml, use the stylesheet file.dsl and publish as an rtf file.
openjade -t rtf file.sgml
Using a different stylesheet:
openjade -t rtf -d docbook.dsl file.sgml
Using the print style specification contained within the stylesheet
openjade -t rtf -d docbook.dsl#print file.sgml
And use the html specification within the style sheet to convert to html
openjade -t sgml -i html -d docbook.dsl#html file.sgml
SEE ALSO
onsgmls(1)
AUTHORS
James Clark, Ian Castle <ian.castle@looksystems.co.uk>.
OpenJade January 2002 OPENJADE(1)