Provided by: libdate-manip-perl_6.97-1_all 
NAME
Date::Manip::Lang::english - English language support.
SYNOPSIS
This module contains a list of words and expressions supporting the language. It is not intended to be
used directly (other Date::Manip modules will load it as needed).
LANGUAGE EXPRESSIONS
The following is a list of all language words and expressions used to write times and/or dates.
All strings are case insensitive.
Month names and abbreviations
When writing out the name of the month, several different variations may exist including full names
and abbreviations.
The following month names may be used:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
The following abbreviations may be used:
Jan
Jan.
Feb
Feb.
Mar
Mar.
Apr
Apr.
May
May.
Jun
Jun.
Jul
Jul.
Aug
Aug.
Sep
Sept
Sep.
Sept.
Oct
Oct.
Nov
Nov.
Dec
Dec.
Day names and abbreviations
When writing out the name of the day, several different variations may exist including full names and
abbreviations.
The following day names may be used:
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
The following abbreviations may be used:
Mon
Mon.
Tue
Tues
Tue.
Tues.
Wed
Wed.
Thu
Thur
Thu.
Thur.
Fri
Fri.
Sat
Sat.
Sun
Sun.
The following short (1-2 characters) abbreviations may be used:
M
T
W
Th
F
Sa
S
Delta field names
These are the names (and abbreviations) for the fields in a delta. There are 7 fields: years,
months, weeks, days, hours, minutes, seconds.
The names and abbreviations for these fields are:
years
y
yr
year
yrs
months
m
mon
month
mons
weeks
w
wk
wks
week
days
d
day
hours
h
hr
hrs
hour
minutes
mn
min
minute
mins
seconds
s
sec
second
secs
Morning/afternoon times
This is a list of expressions use to designate morning or afternoon time when a time is entered as a
12-hour time rather than a 24-hour time. For example, in English, the time "17:00" could be
specified as "5:00 PM".
Morning and afternoon time may be designated by the following sets of words:
AM
A.M.
PM
P.M.
Each or every
There are a list of words that specify every occurrence of something. These are used in the
following phrases:
EACH Monday
EVERY Monday
EVERY month
The following words may be used:
each
every
Next/Previous/Last occurrence
There are a list of words that may be used to specify the next, previous, or last occurrence of
something. These words could be used in the following phrases:
NEXT week
LAST Tuesday
PREVIOUS Tuesday
LAST day of the month
The following words may be used:
Next occurrence:
next
following
Previous occurrence:
previous
last
Last occurrence:
last
final
Delta words for going forward/backward in time
When parsing deltas, there are words that may be used to specify the the delta will refer to a time
in the future or to a time in the past (relative to some date). In English, for example, you might
say:
IN 5 days
5 days AGO
The following words may be used to specify deltas that refer to dates in the past or future
respectively:
ago
past
in the past
earlier
before now
hence
in
later
future
in the future
from now
Business mode
This contains two lists of words which can be used to specify a standard (i.e. non-business) delta or
a business delta.
Previously, it was used to tell whether the delta was approximate or exact, but now this list is not
used except to force the delta to be standard.
The following words may be used:
exactly
approximately
The following words may be used to specify a business delta:
business
Numbers
Numbers may be spelled out in a variety of ways. The following sets correspond to the numbers from 1
to 53:
1st
first
one
2nd
second
two
3rd
third
three
4th
fourth
four
5th
fifth
five
6th
sixth
six
7th
seventh
seven
8th
eighth
eight
9th
ninth
nine
10th
tenth
ten
11th
eleventh
eleven
12th
twelfth
twelve
13th
thirteenth
thirteen
14th
fourteenth
fourteen
15th
fifteenth
fifteen
16th
sixteenth
sixteen
17th
seventeenth
seventeen
18th
eighteenth
eighteen
19th
nineteenth
nineteen
20th
twentieth
twenty
21st
twenty-first
twenty-one
22nd
twenty-second
twenty-two
23rd
twenty-third
twenty-three
24th
twenty-fourth
twenty-four
25th
twenty-fifth
twenty-five
26th
twenty-sixth
twenty-six
27th
twenty-seventh
twenty-seven
28th
twenty-eighth
twenty-eight
29th
twenty-ninth
twenty-nine
30th
thirtieth
thirty
31st
thirty-first
thirty-one
32nd
thirty-two
thirty-second
33rd
thirty-three
thirty-third
34th
thirty-four
thirty-fourth
35th
thirty-five
thirty-fifth
36th
thirty-six
thirty-sixth
37th
thirty-seven
thirty-seventh
38th
thirty-eight
thirty-eighth
39th
thirty-nine
thirty-ninth
40th
forty
fortieth
41st
forty-one
forty-first
42nd
forty-two
forty-second
43rd
forty-three
forty-third
44th
forty-four
forty-fourth
45th
forty-five
forty-fifth
46th
forty-six
forty-sixth
47th
forty-seven
forty-seventh
48th
forty-eight
forty-eighth
49th
forty-nine
forty-ninth
50th
fifty
fiftieth
51st
fifty-one
fifty-first
52nd
fifty-two
fifty-second
53rd
fifty-three
fifty-third
Ignored words
In writing out dates in common forms, there are a number of words that are typically not important.
There is frequently a word that appears in a phrase to designate that a time is going to be specified
next. In English, you would use the word AT in the example:
December 3 at 12:00
The following words may be used:
at
Another word is used to designate one member of a set. In English, you would use the words IN or OF:
1st day OF December
1st day IN December
The following words may be used:
of
in
Another word is use to specify that something is on a certain date. In English, you would use ON:
ON July 5th
The following words may be used:
on
Words that set the date, time, or both
There are some words that can be used to specify a date, a time, or both relative to now.
Words that set the date are similar to the English words 'yesterday' or 'tomorrow'. These are
specified as a delta which is added to the current time to get a date. The time is NOT set however,
so the delta is only partially used (it should only include year, month, week, and day fields).
The following words may be used:
ereyesterday -0:0:0:2:0:0:0
overmorrow +0:0:0:2:0:0:0
today 0:0:0:0:0:0:0
tomorrow +0:0:0:1:0:0:0
yesterday -0:0:0:1:0:0:0
Words that set only the time of day are similar to the English words 'noon' or 'midnight'.
The following words may be used:
midnight 00:00:00
noon 12:00:00
Words that set the entire time and date (relative to the current time and date) are also available.
In English, the word 'now' is one of these.
The following words may be used:
now 0:0:0:0:0:0:0
Hour/Minute/Second separators
When specifying the time of day, the most common separator is a colon (:) which can be used for both
separators.
Some languages use different pairs. For example, French allows you to specify the time as 13h30:20,
so it would use the following pairs:
: :
h :
The first column is the hour-minute separator and the second column is the minute-second separator.
Both are perl regular expressions. When creating a new translation, be aware that regular
expressions with utf-8 characters may be tricky. For example, don't include the expression '[x]'
where 'x' is a utf-8 character.
A pair of colons is ALWAYS allowed for all languages. If a language allows additional pairs, they
are listed here:
Not defined in this language
Fractional second separator
When specifying fractional seconds, the most common way is to use a decimal point (.). Some
languages may specify a different separator that might be used. If this is done, it is a regular
expression.
The decimal point is ALWAYS allowed for all languages. If a language allows another separator, it is
listed here:
Not defined in this language
KNOWN BUGS
None known.
BUGS AND QUESTIONS
Please refer to the Date::Manip::Problems documentation for information on submitting bug reports or
questions to the author.
SEE ALSO
Date::Manip - main module documentation
LICENSE
This script is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl
itself.
AUTHOR
Sullivan Beck (sbeck@cpan.org)
perl v5.40.1 2025-03-08 Date::Manip::Lang::english(3pm)