Provided by: openafs-client_1.8.10-2.1ubuntu3.4_amd64 bug

NAME

       afsd, afsd.fuse - Initializes the Cache Manager and starts related daemons

SYNOPSIS

       afsd [-afsdb] [-backuptree]
            [-biods <number of bkg I/O daemons (aix vm)>]
            [-blocks <1024 byte blocks in cache>]
            [-cachedir <cache directory>]
            [-chunksize <log(2) of chunk size>]
            [-confdir <configuration directory>]
            [-daemons <number of daemons to use>]
            [-dcache <number of dcache entries>] [-debug]
            [-dynroot] [-dynroot-sparse] [-enable_peer_stats]
            [-enable_process_stats] [-fakestat] [-fakestat-all]
            [-files <files in cache>]
            [-files_per_subdir <log(2) of files per dir> ]
            [-help] [-logfile <Place to keep the CM log>]
            [-inumcalc] <method>
            [-mem_alloc_sleep] [-memcache]
            [-mountdir <mount location>] [-nomount]
            [-nosettime]
            [-prealloc <number of 'small' preallocated blocks>]
            [-rmtsys] [-rootvol <name of AFS root volume>]
            [-rxbind] [-rxmaxmtu value for maximum MTU ]
            [-rxpck value for rx_extraPackets ]
            [-settime] [-shutdown]
            [-splitcache <RW/RO ratio>]
            [-stat <number of stat entries>] [-verbose]
            [-disable-dynamic-vcaches]
            [-volumes <number of volume entries>]
            [-waitclose] [-rxmaxfrags <max # of fragments>]
            [-volume-ttl <vldb cache timeout>]

DESCRIPTION

       The afsd command initializes the Cache Manager on an AFS client machine by transferring AFS-related
       configuration information into kernel memory and starting several daemons. afsd.fuse is an experimental
       variant that initializes a FUSE-based Cache Manager instead of one based on a kernel module.

       The afsd command performs the following actions:

       •   Sets a field in kernel memory that defines the machine's cell membership. Some Cache Manager-internal
           operations  and  system  calls consult this field to learn which cell to execute in. (The AFS command
           interpreters refer to the /etc/openafs/ThisCell file instead.) This information is  transferred  into
           the  kernel  from  the  /etc/openafs/ThisCell  file and cannot be changed until the afsd program runs
           again.

       •   Places in kernel memory the names and Internet addresses of the database server machines in the local
           cell and (optionally) foreign cells. The appearance of a cell's database server machines in this list
           enables the Cache Manager to contact them and to access files in the cell. Omission of  a  cell  from
           this  list,  or  incorrect information about its database server machines, prevents the Cache Manager
           from accessing files in it.

           By default,  the  list  of  database  server  machines  is  transferred  into  the  kernel  from  the
           /etc/openafs/CellServDB  file.  Alternatively,  when  the -afsdb option is used, the list of database
           server machines is taken from the DNS SRV or AFSDB records for each cell. After  initialization,  use
           the fs newcell command to change the kernel-resident list without having to reboot.

       •   Mounts  the root of the AFS filespace on a directory on the machine's local disk, according to either
           the first field in the /etc/openafs/cacheinfo file (the default)  or  the  afsd  command's  -mountdir
           argument. The conventional value is /afs.

       •   Determines  which  volume  to  mount  at  the  root  of the AFS file tree.  The default is the volume
           "root.afs"; use the -rootvol argument to override it. Although the  base  (read/write)  form  of  the
           volume  name  is  the  appropriate  value,  the  Cache Manager has a bias for accessing the read-only
           version of the volume (by convention, "root.afs.readonly") if it is available.

       •   Configures the cache on disk (the default)  or  in  machine  memory  if  the  -memcache  argument  is
           provided. In the latter case, the afsd program allocates space in machine memory for caching, and the
           Cache Manager uses no disk space for caching even if the machine has a disk.

       •   Defines  the  name of the local disk directory devoted to caching, when the -memcache argument is not
           used. If necessary, the afsd program creates the directory (its parent directory must already exist).
           It does not remove the directory that formerly served this function, if one exists.

           The second field in the /etc/openafs/cacheinfo file is the source for this name. The  standard  value
           is /usr/vice/cache. Use the -cachedir argument to override the value in the cacheinfo file.

       •   Sets  the  size  of  the  cache.  The  default  source  for  the  value  is  the  third  field in the
           /etc/openafs/cacheinfo file, which specifies a number of kilobytes.

           For a memory cache, the following arguments to the afsd command override the value in  the  cacheinfo
           file:

           •   The -blocks argument, to specify a different number of kilobyte blocks.

           •   The  -dcache  and -chunksize arguments together, to set both the number of dcache entries and the
               chunk size (see below for definition of these parameters). In this case, the afsd program derives
               cache size by multiplying the two values. Using  this  combination  is  not  recommended,  as  it
               requires the issuer to perform the calculation beforehand to determine the resulting cache size.

           •   The  -dcache argument by itself. In this case, the afsd program derives cache size by multiplying
               the value specified by the -dcache argument by the default  memory  cache  chunk  size  of  eight
               kilobytes.  Using  this  argument  is  not  recommended, as it requires the issuer to perform the
               calculation beforehand to determine the resulting cache size.

           For satisfactory memory cache performance, the specified value  must  leave  enough  memory  free  to
           accommodate  all  other  processes and commands that can run on the machine. If the value exceeds the
           amount of memory available, the afsd  program  exits  without  initializing  the  Cache  Manager  and
           produces the following message on the standard output stream:

              afsd: memCache allocation failure at <number> KB

           where <number> is how many kilobytes were allocated just before the failure.

           For a disk cache, use the -blocks argument to the afsd command to override the value in the cacheinfo
           file.  The  value specified in either way sets an absolute upper limit on cache size; values provided
           for other arguments (such as -dcache and -chunksize) never result in a larger cache. The afsd program
           rejects any setting larger than 95% of the partition  size,  and  exits  after  generating  an  error
           message  on  the  standard  output  stream,  because the cache implementation itself requires a small
           amount of disk space and overfilling the partition can cause the client machine to panic.

           To change the size of a disk cache after initialization without rebooting, use  the  fs  setcachesize
           command;  the  setting  persists  until the afsd command runs again or the fs setcachesize command is
           reissued. The fs setcachesize command does not work for memory caches.

       •   Sets the size of each cache chunk, and by implication the amount  of  data  that  the  Cache  Manager
           requests  at  a  time  from the File Server (how much data per fetch RPC, since AFS uses partial file
           transfer).

           For a disk cache, a chunk is a Vn file and this parameter sets the maximum size to which each one can
           expand.  For a memory cache, each chunk is a collection of contiguous memory blocks. The default  for
           a  disk cache is between 256 KB and 1 MB depending on the size of the cache. The default for a memory
           cache is 8 KB.

           To override the default chunk size for either type of cache, use the -chunksize argument  to  provide
           an  integer to be used as an exponent of two; see "OPTIONS" for details. For a memory cache, if total
           cache size divided by chunk size leaves a remainder, the afsd  program  rounds  down  the  number  of
           dcache entries, resulting in a slightly smaller cache.

       •   Sets  the  number  of  chunks  in the cache. For a memory cache, the number of chunks is equal to the
           cache size divided by the chunk size.  For a disk cache, the number of chunks (Vn files)  is  set  to
           the largest of the following unless the -files argument is used to set the value explicitly:

           •   100

           •   1.5 times the result of dividing cache size by chunk size (cachesize/chunksize * 1.5)

           •   The result of dividing cachesize by 10 KB (cachesize/10240)

       •   Sets  the  number  of  dcache  entries  allocated in machine memory for storing information about the
           chunks in the cache.

           For a disk cache, the /usr/vice/cache/CacheItems file  contains  one  entry  for  each  Vn  file.  By
           default,  one  half  the  number  of these entries (but not more that 2,000) are duplicated as dcache
           entries in machine memory for quicker access.

           For a memory cache, there is no CacheItems file so all information about  cache  chunks  must  be  in
           memory  as  dcache  entries.   Thus, there is no default number of dcache entries for a memory cache;
           instead, the afsd program derives it by dividing the cache size by the chunk size.

           To set the number of dcache entries, use the -dcache argument; the specified  value  can  exceed  the
           default  limit  of 2,000. Using this argument is not recommended for either type of cache. Increasing
           the number of dcache entries for a disk cache sometimes improves performance  (because  more  entries
           are  retrieved  from  memory  rather  than from disk), but only marginally. Using this argument for a
           memory cache requires the issuer to calculate the cache size by multiplying this value by  the  chunk
           size.

       •   Sets  the  number  of  stat  entries available in machine memory for caching status information about
           cached AFS files. The default is based on the size of the cache. Use the -stat argument  to  override
           the default.

       In addition to setting cache configuration parameters, the afsd program starts the following daemons. (On
       most system types, these daemons appear as nameless entries in the output of the UNIX ps command.)

       •   One  callback daemon, which handles callbacks. It also responds to the File Server's periodic probes,
           which check that the client machine is still alive.

       •   One maintenance daemon, which performs the following tasks:

           •   Garbage collects obsolete data (for example, expired tokens) from kernel memory.

           •   Synchronizes files.

           •   Refreshes information from read-only volumes once per hour.

           •   Does delayed writes for NFS clients if the machine is running the NFS/AFS Translator.

       •   One cache-truncation daemon, which flushes the cache when free space is required, by  writing  cached
           data and status information to the File Server.

       •   One  server connection daemon, which sends a probe to the File Server every few minutes to check that
           it is still accessible.

       •   One or more background  daemons  that  improve  performance  by  pre-fetching  files  and  performing
           background (delayed) writes of saved data into AFS.

           The  default  number of background daemons is two, enough to service at least five simultaneous users
           of the machine. To increase the number, use the -daemons argument. A value greater than  six  is  not
           generally necessary.

       •   On some system types, one Rx listener daemon, which listens for incoming RPCs.

       •   On  some system types, one Rx event daemon, which reviews the Rx system's queue of tasks and performs
           them as appropriate. Most items in the queue are retransmissions of failed packets.

       •   On machines that run AIX with virtual memory (VM) integration, one  or  more  VM  daemons  (sometimes
           called  I/O  daemons, which transfer data between disk and machine memory. The number of them depends
           on the setting of the -biods and -daemons arguments:

           •   If the -biods argument is used, it sets the number of VM daemons.

           •   If only the -daemons argument is used, the number of VM daemons is twice the number of background
               daemons.

           •   If neither argument is used, there are five VM daemons.

       afsd.fuse is a variant of afsd that, instead of initializing a Cache  Manager  implemented  as  a  kernel
       module,  initializes  a  FUSE-based AFS client.  FUSE (Filesystem in USErspace) is a Linux-only mechanism
       for providing a file system through a  purely  user-space  daemon  without  a  kernel  module  component.
       afsd.fuse takes all of the same options as afsd.

       This  command does not use the syntax conventions of the AFS command suites. Provide the command name and
       all option names in full.

CAUTIONS

       Before using the -shutdown parameter, use the standard UNIX  umount  command  to  unmount  the  AFS  root
       directory  (by  convention,  /afs).   On Linux, unloading the AFS kernel module and then loading it again
       before restarting AFS after -shutdown is recommended.

       AFS has for years had difficulties with being stopped and restarted without an intervening reboot.  While
       most of these issues have been ironed  out,  stopping  and  restarting  AFS  is  not  recommended  unless
       necessary  and  rebooting before restarting AFS is still the safest course of action. This does not apply
       to Linux; it should be safe to restart the AFS client on Linux without rebooting.

       In contrast to many client-server applications, not all communication is initiated by  the  client.  When
       the AFS client opens a file, it registers a callback with the AFS server. If the file changes, the server
       notifies the client that the file has changed and that all cached copies should be discarded. In order to
       enable  full  functionality  on  the  AFS client, including all command-line utilities, the following UDP
       ports must be open on an firewalls between the client and the server:

          fileserver      7000/udp
          cachemanager    7001/udp (OpenAFS client. Arla uses 4711/udp)
          ptserver        7002/udp
          vlserver        7003/udp
          kaserver        7004/udp (not needed with Kerberos v5)
          volserver       7005/udp
          reserved        7006/udp (for future use)
          bosserver       7007/udp

       Clients will also need to be able to contact your  Kerberos  KDC  to  authenticate.   If  you  are  using
       kaserver  and  klog,  you  need to allow inbound and outbound UDP on ports >1024 (probably 1024<port<2048
       would suffice depending on the number of simultaneous klogs).

       Be sure to set the UDP timeouts on the firewall to be at least  twenty  minutes  for  the  best  callback
       performance.

       afsd.fuse  was  first  introduced  in OpenAFS 1.5.74.  It is only available if OpenAFS was built with the
       "--enable-fuse-client" configure switch.  It should be considered experimental.

OPTIONS

       -afsdb
           Enable afsdb support. This will use DNS to lookup the SRV or AFSDB  records  and  use  that  for  the
           database  servers  for each cell instead of the values in the CellServDB file. This has the advantage
           of only needing to update one set of DNS records to reconfigure the AFS clients for  a  new  database
           server  as  opposed  to  touching  all  of  the clients, and also allows one to access a cell without
           preconfiguring its database servers in CellServDB. The format of SRV records is defined in RFC  5864,
           and the AFSDB record format is in RFC 1183.

       -backuptree
           Prefer  backup  volumes for mountpoints in backup volumes. This option means that the AFS client will
           prefer to resolve mount points to backup volumes when a parent of the  current  volume  is  a  backup
           volume.  This  is  similar  to the standard behaviour of preferring read-only volumes over read-write
           volumes when the parent volume is a read-only volume.

       -biods <number of I/O daemons>
           Sets the number of VM daemons dedicated to performing I/O operations on a machine running  a  version
           of  AIX  with  virtual  memory (VM) integration.  If both this argument and the -daemons argument are
           omitted, the default is five. If this argument is omitted but the -daemons argument is provided,  the
           number of VM daemons is set to twice the value of the -daemons argument.

       -blocks <blocks in cache>
           Specifies  the  number  of  kilobyte  blocks  to be made available for caching in the machine's cache
           directory (for a disk cache) or memory (for a memory cache), overriding the default  defined  in  the
           third  field of the /etc/openafs/cacheinfo file. For a disk cache, the value cannot exceed 95% of the
           space available in the cache partition. If using a memory cache, do not combine  this  argument  with
           the  -dcache  argument, since doing so can possibly result in a chunk size that is not an exponent of
           2.

       -cachedir <cache directory>
           Names the local disk directory to be used as the cache. This value overrides the default  defined  in
           the second field of the /etc/openafs/cacheinfo file.

       -chunksize <chunk size>
           Sets  the  size  of  each cache chunk. The integer provided, which must be from the range 0 to 30, is
           used as an exponent on the number 2. If not supplied, a default chunksize will be determined based on
           the cache type and cache size, and will range from 13 (8KB) for memory cache and 18 to 20 (256 KB  to
           1MB)  for  disk  cache.  A value of 0 or less, or greater than 30, sets chunk size to the appropriate
           default. Values less than 10 (which sets chunk size to a 1 KB) are not recommended.   Combining  this
           argument  with  the -dcache argument is not recommended because it requires that the issuer calculate
           the cache size that results.

           -chunksize is an important option when tuning for performance. Setting this option to  larger  values
           can increase performance when dealing with large files.

       -confdir <configuration directory>
           Names  a directory other than the /etc/openafs directory from which to fetch the cacheinfo, ThisCell,
           and CellServDB configuration files.

       -daemons <number of daemons to use>
           Specifies the number of background daemons to run on the machine.  These daemons  improve  efficiency
           by  doing  prefetching  and  background writing of saved data. This value overrides the default of 2,
           which is adequate for a machine serving up to five users. Values greater than  6  are  not  generally
           more effective than 6.

           Note:  On  AIX machines with integrated virtual memory (VM), the number of VM daemons is set to twice
           the value of this argument, if it is provided and the -biods argument is not. If both  arguments  are
           omitted, there are five VM daemons.

       -dcache <number of dcache entries>
           Sets  the number of dcache entries in memory, which are used to store information about cache chunks.
           For a disk cache, this overrides the default, which is 50% of the number of Vn files (cache  chunks).
           For  a  memory  cache,  this argument effectively sets the number of cache chunks, but its use is not
           recommended, because it requires the issuer to calculate the resulting total cache size  (derived  by
           multiplying  this  value  by the chunk size). Do not combine this argument with the -blocks argument,
           since doing so can possibly result in a chunk size that is not an exponent of 2.

       -debug
           Generates a highly detailed trace of the afsd program's actions on the standard  output  stream.  The
           information is useful mostly for debugging purposes.

       -dynroot
           The  standard behaviour of the AFS client without the -dynroot option is to mount the root.afs volume
           from the default cell on the /afs path. The /afs folder and root.afs volume traditionally  shows  the
           folders for ThisCell and other cells as configured by the AFS cell administrator.

           The  -dynroot  option  changes  this.  Using  this option, the AFS client does not mount the root.afs
           volume on /afs. Instead it uses the contents of the CellServDB file to populate the listing of  cells
           in  /afs.  This  is  known as a DYNamic ROOT. A cell is not contacted until the path /afs/cellname if
           accessed. This functions similarly to an automounter.  The main advantage of using -dynroot  is  that
           the AFS client will start properly even without network access, whereas the client not using -dynroot
           will  freeze  upon  startup  if  cannot  contact the default cell specified in ThisCell and mount the
           root.afs volume. Dynamic root mode is also sometimes called travelling mode because it works well for
           laptops which don't always have network connectivity.

           Two advantages of not using dynroot are that listing /afs will usually be faster because the contents
           of /afs are limited to what the AFS administrator decides and that symbolic links  are  traditionally
           created  by  the AFS administrator to provide a short name for the cell (i.e.  cellname.domain.com is
           aliased to cellname).  However, with dynroot, the local system administrator can  limit  the  default
           contents  of  /afs  by  installing  a stripped-down CellServDB file, and if dynroot is in effect, the
           CellAlias file can be used to provide shortname  for  common  AFS  cells  which  provides  equivalent
           functionality to the most commonly used symbolic links.

           When  the dynamic root (-dynroot, -dynroot-sparse) and the fake stat (-fakestat, -fakestat-all) modes
           are in effect, the cache manager provides a special directory named /afs/.:mount which allows  access
           to volumes by volume name or ID.  The /afs/.:mount directory appears to be empty, but any name in the
           form  of  cell:volume  will  be  resolved  as  a read-write mount point to the specified volume.  For
           example, the user.jdoe volume in the example.com cell would be  accessible  at  the  following  path:
           /afs/.:mount/example.com:user.jdoe.   This  dynamic  mount  feature is recommended only for temporary
           access to a volume.  Linux-based cache managers provide this dynamic mount feature even when  dynamic
           root (-dynroot, -dynroot-sparse) is not in effect.

       -dynroot-sparse
           In  addition  to operating in the manner described for dynroot above, cells other than the local cell
           are not shown by default until a lookup occurs. Cell aliases as set in the CellAliases file are shown
           as normal, although they may appear to be dangling links until traversed.

       -enable_peer_stats
           Activates the collection of Rx statistics and allocates memory for their storage. For each connection
           with a specific UDP port on another machine,  a  separate  record  is  kept  for  each  type  of  RPC
           (FetchFile,  GetStatus,  and so on) sent or received. To display or otherwise access the records, use
           the Rx Monitoring API.

       -enable_process_stats
           Activates the collection of Rx statistics and allocates memory for their storage. A  separate  record
           is  kept for each type of RPC (FetchFile, GetStatus, and so on) sent or received, aggregated over all
           connections to other machines. To display or otherwise access the records, use the Rx Monitoring API.

       -fakestat
           Return fake values for stat calls on cross-cell mounts. This option makes an "ls  -l"  of  /afs  much
           faster since each cell isn't contacted, and this and the -fakestat-all options are useful on Mac OS X
           so that the Finder program doesn't try to contact every AFS cell the system knows about.

           Note  that,  for  the purposes of -fakestat, local cellular mounts count as "cross-cell" mounts. That
           is, if the local cell is "localcell", a mount for "localcell:root.cell" will count as a  "cross-cell"
           mount  and  so stat calls for it will be faked with -fakestat. In practice, local cellular mounts are
           rare and generally discouraged, so this should not generally make a difference.

       -fakestat-all
           Return fake values for stat calls on all mounts, not just cross-cell mounts. This and  the  -fakestat
           options are useful on Mac OS X so that the Finder program doesn't hang when browsing AFS directories.

       -files <files in cache>
           Specifies  the  number  of Vn files to create in the cache directory for a disk cache, overriding the
           default that is calculated as described in "DESCRIPTION". Each Vn file accommodates a chunk of  data,
           and  can  grow to a maximum size of 64 KB by default. Do not combine this argument with the -memcache
           argument.

       -files_per_subdir <files per cache subdirectory>
           Limits the number of cache files in each subdirectory of the cache directory. The value of the option
           should be the base-two log of the number of cache files per cache subdirectory (so 10 for 1024 files,
           14 for 16384 files, and so forth).

       -help
           Prints the online help for this command. All other valid options are ignored.

       -logfile <log file location>
           This option is obsolete and no longer has any effect.

       -inumcalc <method>
           Specifies the method used by the Cache Manager to generate inode numbers for files, directories,  and
           symlinks  in  the  AFS  filesystem.   Valid  methods  are  "compat" and "md5".  The default method is
           "compat".

           When the "compat" method is in effect, the Cache Manager generates inode numbers for a given inode by
           multiplying the AFS volume number by 65536, adding the result to the AFS vnode  number,  and  finally
           truncating the result to a signed 32 bit integer.

           When  the  "md5"  method is in effect, the Cache Manager generates inode numbers for a given inode by
           calculating the MD5 digest of a combination of the cell number, volume number, and vnode number.  The
           result  is  truncated  to a signed 32 bit integer. The "md5" method is computationally more expensive
           but greatly reduces the chance for inode number collisions, especially  when  volumes  from  multiple
           cells are mounted within the AFS filesystem.

       -mem_alloc_sleep
           This option is obsolete and no longer has any effect.

       -memcache
           Initializes  a  memory  cache  rather  than  a  disk  cache. Do not combine this flag with the -files
           argument.

       -mountdir <mount location>
           Names the local disk directory on which to mount the root of the AFS filespace. This value  overrides
           the  default defined in the first field of the /etc/openafs/cacheinfo file. If a value other than the
           /afs directory is used, the machine cannot access the filespace of cells that do use that value.

       -nomount
           Do not mount AFS on startup. The afs global mount must be mounted  via  some  other  means.  This  is
           useful on Mac OS X where /afs is sometimes mounted in /Network/afs like other network file systems.

       -nosettime
           This  option  is  obsolete  and no longer has any effect.  The operating system provided time keeping
           daemons should be used to maintain the system time.

       -prealloc <number of preallocated blocks>
           Specifies the number of pieces of memory to preallocate for the Cache  Manager's  internal  use.  The
           default initial value is 400, but the Cache Manager dynamically allocates more memory as it needs it.

       -rmtsys
           Initializes  an  additional  daemon  to  execute  AFS-specific  system  calls on behalf of NFS client
           machines. Use this flag only if the machine is an NFS/AFS translator machine  serving  users  of  NFS
           client machines who execute AFS commands.

       -rootvol <name of AFS root volume>
           Names  the  read/write  volume  corresponding  to  the root directory for the AFS file tree (which is
           usually the /afs directory). This value overrides the default of the "root.afs" volume.  This  option
           is ignored if -dynroot is given.

       -rxbind
           Bind the Rx socket (one interface only).

       -rxmaxfrags <max # of fragments>
           Set  a  limit  for  the  maximum  number of UDP fragments Rx will send per Rx packet, and the maximum
           number of fragments Rx thinks it can receive when advertising its receive size to peers.  Practically
           speaking,  setting  this option means that you will not see Rx data packets that are broken into more
           than N fragments, where N is  the  value  specified  for  this  option.  Setting  this  option  to  1
           effectively  prevents  fragmentation,  and  can be useful when dealing with networking equipment that
           does not properly handle UDP fragments.

           Note that this option just specifies a maximum. The actual number of fragments seen on the  wire  may
           be less than what is specified, depending on the configuration of the peer.

       -rxmaxmtu <value for maximum MTU>
           Set  a  limit for the largest maximum transfer unit (network packet size) that the AFS client on this
           machine will be willing to transmit. This switch can be used where an artificial limit on the network
           precludes packets as large as the discoverable MTU from being transmitted successfully.

       -rxpck <value for rx_extraPackets>
           Set rx_extraPackets to this value. This sets the number  of  extra  Rx  packet  structures  that  are
           available  to  handle  Rx connections. This value should be increased if the "rxdebug 127.0.0.1 -port
           7001 -rxstats" command shows no free Rx packets. Increasing this value  may  improve  OpenAFS  client
           performance in some circumstances.

       -settime
           This  option  is  obsolete  and no longer has any effect.  The operating system provided time keeping
           daemons should be used to maintain the system time.

       -shutdown
           Shuts down the Cache Manager. Before calling afsd with this option, unmount the AFS file system  with
           umount.

       -splitcache <RW/RO Ratio>
           This  allows the user to set a certain percentage of the AFS cache be reserved for read/write content
           and the rest to be reserved for read-only content. The ratio should be written as  a  fraction.   For
           example,  "-splitcache  75/25" devotes 75% of your cache space to read/write content and 25% to read-
           only.

       -stat <number of stat entries>
           Specifies the number of entries to allocate in the machine's memory for recording status  information
           about  the AFS files in the cache. If this value is not specified, the number of stat entires will be
           autotuned based on the size of the disk cache.

       -verbose
           Generates a detailed trace of the afsd program's actions on the standard output stream.

       -volumes <number of volume entries>
           Specifies the number of memory structures to allocate for storing volume  location  information.  The
           default value is 200.

       -disable-dynamic-vcaches
           By default, dynamic vcache overrides the -stat option by using the value of -stat (or the default) as
           the  initial  size  of  the  stat  (or  vcache)  pool and increases the pool dynamically as needed on
           supported platforms. This flag will disable this new functionality and honor the '-stat' setting.

       -waitclose
           Has no effect on the operation of the Cache Manager. The behavior it affected in previous versions of
           the Cache Manager, to perform synchronous writes to the File Server, is now the default behavior.  To
           perform asynchronous writes in certain cases, use the fs storebehind command.

       -volume-ttl
           Specifies  the  maximum amount of time the Cache Manager will cache volume information retrieved from
           VL Servers.

           By default, the Cache Manager will cache read-only volume information as long as a volume callback is
           held for that volume. The callback may be held as long as files in the  read-only  volume  are  being
           accessed, with no upper limit. For read/write volumes, by default the Cache Manager will cache volume
           information  forever,  until a fileserver returns a volume-level error in response to accessing files
           in that volume.

           Use the -volume-ttl option to specify the maximum amount of time in seconds that  volume  information
           will be cached, regardless of connectivity to the fileservers. Lowering this value can make the Cache
           Manager recover more quickly from certain volume/fileserver errors, but will increase the load on the
           VL Servers for contacted cells.

           A  typical  value  is  7200 seconds (2 hours), which is the same as the default callback duration for
           read-only volumes. The minimum valid value is 600 seconds (10 minutes).

EXAMPLES

       The afsd command is normally included in the machine's AFS initialization file, rather than typed at  the
       command shell prompt. For most disk caches, the appropriate form is

          % /etc/openafs/afsd

       The  following  command  is  appropriate  when enabling a machine to act as an NFS/AFS Translator machine
       serving more than five users.

          % /etc/openafs/afsd -daemons 4 -rmtsys

       The following command initializes a memory cache and sets chunk size to 16 KB (2^14).

          % /etc/openafs/afsd -memcache -chunksize 14

PRIVILEGE REQUIRED

       The issuer must be logged in as the local superuser root.

SEE ALSO

       fs_newcell(1), afs_cache(5), CellServDB(5), cacheinfo(5)

       RFC 5864 <http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5864.txt> RFC 1183 <http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1183.txt>

COPYRIGHT

       IBM Corporation 2000. <http://www.ibm.com/> All Rights Reserved.

       This documentation is covered by the IBM Public License Version 1.0.  It was converted from HTML  to  POD
       by  software  written  by  Chas  Williams  and Russ Allbery, based on work by Alf Wachsmann and Elizabeth
       Cassell.

OpenAFS                                            2025-05-19                                            AFSD(8)