Ubuntu Manpage: rl — RealTek 8129/8139 Fast Ethernet device driver

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NAME

       rl — RealTek 8129/8139 Fast Ethernet device driver

SYNOPSIS

       To compile this driver into the kernel, place the following lines in your kernel configuration file:

             device miibus
             device rl

       Alternatively, to load the driver as a module at boot time, place the following line in loader.conf(5):

             if_rl_load="YES"

DESCRIPTION

The rl driver provides support for PCI Ethernet adapters and embedded controllers based on the RealTek
8129 and 8139 Fast Ethernet controller chips.

The RealTek 8129/8139 series controllers use bus master DMA but do not use a descriptor-based data
transfer mechanism. The receiver uses a single fixed size ring buffer from which packets must be copied
into mbufs. For transmission, there are only four outbound packet address registers which require all
outgoing packets to be stored as contiguous buffers. Furthermore, outbound packet buffers must be
longword aligned or else transmission will fail.

The 8129 differs from the 8139 in that the 8139 has an internal PHY which is controlled through special
direct access registers whereas the 8129 uses an external PHY via an MII bus. The 8139 supports both 10
and 100Mbps speeds in either full or half duplex. The 8129 can support the same speeds and modes given
an appropriate PHY chip.

Note: support for the 8139C+ chip is provided by the re(4) driver.

The rl driver supports the following media types:

autoselect Enable autoselection of the media type and options. This is only supported if the
PHY chip attached to the RealTek controller supports NWAY autonegotiation. The
user can manually override the autoselected mode by adding media options to the
/etc/rc.conf file.

10baseT/UTP Set 10Mbps operation. The mediaopt option can also be used to select either
full-duplex or half-duplex modes.

100baseTX Set 100Mbps (Fast Ethernet) operation. The mediaopt option can also be used to
select either full-duplex or half-duplex modes.

The rl driver supports the following media options:

full-duplex Force full duplex operation.

half-duplex Force half duplex operation.

Note that the 100baseTX media type is only available if supported by the adapter. For more information
on configuring this device, see ifconfig(8).

HARDWARE

       Adapters supported by the rl driver include:

       •   Accton “Cheetah” EN1207D (MPX 5030/5038; RealTek 8139 clone)
       •   Allied Telesyn AT2550
       •   Allied Telesyn AT2500TX
       •   Belkin F5D5000
       •   BUFFALO (Melco INC.) LPC-CB-CLX (CardBus)
       •   Compaq HNE-300
       •   CompUSA no-name 10/100 PCI Ethernet NIC
       •   Corega FEther CB-TXD
       •   Corega FEtherII CB-TXD
       •   D-Link DFE-520TX (rev. C1)
       •   D-Link DFE-528TX
       •   D-Link DFE-530TX+
       •   D-Link DFE-538TX
       •   D-Link DFE-690TXD
       •   Edimax EP-4103DL CardBus
       •   Encore ENL832-TX 10/100 M PCI
       •   Farallon NetLINE 10/100 PCI
       •   Genius GF100TXR
       •   GigaFast Ethernet EE100-AXP
       •   KTX-9130TX 10/100 Fast Ethernet
       •   LevelOne FPC-0106TX
       •   Longshine LCS-8038TX-R
       •   NDC Communications NE100TX-E
       •   Netronix Inc. EA-1210 NetEther 10/100
       •   Nortel Networks 10/100BaseTX
       •   OvisLink LEF-8129TX
       •   OvisLink LEF-8139TX
       •   Peppercon AG ROL-F
       •   Planex FNW-3603-TX
       •   Planex FNW-3800-TX
       •   SMC EZ Card 10/100 PCI 1211-TX
       •   SOHO (PRAGMATIC) UE-1211C

LOADER TUNABLES

       dev.rl.%unit.prefer_iomap
               This  tunable controls which register mapping should be used on the specified device.  A non-zero
               value enables I/O space register mapping.  For  controllers  that  have  no  I/O  space  register
               mapping  this tunable should be set to 0 to use memory space register mapping.  The default value
               is 1 to use I/O space register mapping.

       dev.rl.%unit.twister_enable
               Non-zero value enables the long cable tuning on the specified device.  Disabled by default.

DIAGNOSTICS

rl%d: couldn't map memory A fatal initialization error has occurred.

rl%d: couldn't map interrupt A fatal initialization error has occurred.

rl%d: watchdog timeout The device has stopped responding to the network, or there is a problem with the
network connection (cable).

rl%d: no memory for rx list The driver failed to allocate an mbuf for the receiver ring.

rl%d: no memory for tx list The driver failed to allocate an mbuf for the transmitter ring when
allocating a pad buffer or collapsing an mbuf chain into a cluster.

rl%d: chip is in D3 power state -- setting to D0 This message applies only to adapters which support
power management. Some operating systems place the controller in low power mode when shutting down, and
some PCI BIOSes fail to bring the chip out of this state before configuring it. The controller loses all
of its PCI configuration in the D3 state, so if the BIOS does not set it back to full power mode in time,
it will not be able to configure it correctly. The driver tries to detect this condition and bring the
adapter back to the D0 (full power) state, but this may not be enough to return the driver to a fully
operational condition. If you see this message at boot time and the driver fails to attach the device as
a network interface, you will have to perform second warm boot to have the device properly configured.

Note that this condition only occurs when warm booting from another operating system. If you power down
your system prior to booting FreeBSD, the card should be configured correctly.

HISTORY

       The rl device driver first appeared in FreeBSD 3.0.

AUTHORS

       The rl driver was written by Bill Paul <wpaul@ctr.columbia.edu>.

BUGS

Since outbound packets must be longword aligned, the transmit routine has to copy an unaligned packet
into an mbuf cluster buffer before transmission. The driver abuses the fact that the cluster buffer pool
is allocated at system startup time in a contiguous region starting at a page boundary. Since cluster
buffers are 2048 bytes, they are longword aligned by definition. The driver probably should not be
depending on this characteristic.

The RealTek data sheets are of especially poor quality, and there is a lot of information missing
particularly concerning the receiver operation. One particularly important fact that the data sheets
fail to mention relates to the way in which the chip fills in the receive buffer. When an interrupt is
posted to signal that a frame has been received, it is possible that another frame might be in the
process of being copied into the receive buffer while the driver is busy handling the first one. If the
driver manages to finish processing the first frame before the chip is done DMAing the rest of the next
frame, the driver may attempt to process the next frame in the buffer before the chip has had a chance to
finish DMAing all of it.

The driver can check for an incomplete frame by inspecting the frame length in the header preceding the
actual packet data: an incomplete frame will have the magic length of 0xFFF0. When the driver encounters
this value, it knows that it has finished processing all currently available packets. Neither this magic
value nor its significance are documented anywhere in the RealTek data sheets.

Debian January 16, 2013 RL(4)