PROLOG

       This  manual  page  is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.  The Linux implementation of this interface
       may differ (consult the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the  interface
       may not be implemented on Linux.

NAME

       islower, islower_l — test for a lowercase letter

SYNOPSIS

       #include <ctype.h>

       int islower(int c);
       int islower_l(int c, locale_t locale);

DESCRIPTION

       For islower(): The functionality described on this reference page is aligned with the ISO C standard. Any
       conflict  between the requirements described here and the ISO C standard is unintentional. This volume of
       POSIX.1‐2017 defers to the ISO C standard.

       The islower() and islower_l() functions shall test whether c is a character of class lower in the current
       locale, or in the locale represented  by  locale,  respectively;  see  the  Base  Definitions  volume  of
       POSIX.1‐2017, Chapter 7, Locale.

       The c argument is an int, the value of which the application shall ensure is a character representable as
       an  unsigned  char  or  equal  to  the  value  of the macro EOF. If the argument has any other value, the
       behavior is undefined.

       The behavior  is  undefined  if  the  locale  argument  to  islower_l()  is  the  special  locale  object
       LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE or is not a valid locale object handle.

RETURN VALUE

       The islower() and islower_l() functions shall return non-zero if c is a lowercase letter; otherwise, they
       shall return 0.

ERRORS

       No errors are defined.

       The following sections are informative.

EXAMPLES

   Testing for a Lowercase Letter
       Two  examples  follow,  the  first  using  islower(),  the  second  using multiple concurrent locales and
       islower_l().

       The examples test whether the value is a lowercase letter, based on the current locale, then  use  it  as
       part of a key value.

           /* Example 1 -- using islower() */
           #include <ctype.h>
           #include <stdlib.h>
           #include <locale.h>
           ...
           char *keystr;
           int elementlen, len;
           unsigned char c;
           ...
           setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
           ...
           len = 0;
           while (len < elementlen) {
               c = (unsigned char) (rand() % 256);
           ...
               if (islower(c))
                   keystr[len++] = c;
               }
           ...

           /* Example 2 -- using islower_l() */
           #include <ctype.h>
           #include <stdlib.h>
           #include <locale.h>
           ...
           char *keystr;
           int elementlen, len;
           unsigned char c;
           ...
           locale_t loc = newlocale (LC_ALL_MASK, "", (locale_t) 0);
           ...
           len = 0;
           while (len < elementlen) {
               c = (unsigned char) (rand() % 256);
           ...
               if (islower_l(c, loc))
                   keystr[len++] = c;
               }
           ...

APPLICATION USAGE

       To  ensure  applications  portability,  especially across natural languages, only these functions and the
       functions in the  reference  pages  listed  in  the  SEE  ALSO  section  should  be  used  for  character
       classification.

RATIONALE

       None.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

       None.

SEE ALSO

       isalnum(),  isalpha(),  isblank(),  iscntrl(),  isdigit(),  isgraph(),  isprint(),  ispunct(), isspace(),
       isupper(), isxdigit(), setlocale(), uselocale()

       The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Chapter 7, Locale, <ctype.h>, <locale.h>

COPYRIGHT

       Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE Std 1003.1-2017, Standard
       for Information  Technology  --  Portable  Operating  System  Interface  (POSIX),  The  Open  Group  Base
       Specifications  Issue  7, 2018 Edition, Copyright (C) 2018 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
       Engineers, Inc and The Open Group.  In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the original
       IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee  document.
       The original Standard can be obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .

       Any  typographical  or formatting errors that appear in this page are most likely to have been introduced
       during  the  conversion  of  the  source  files  to  man  page  format.  To  report  such   errors,   see
       https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .

IEEE/The Open Group                                   2017                                       ISLOWER(3POSIX)