Provided by: libalzabo-perl_0.92-6_all 
NAME
Alzabo::SQLMaker - Alzabo base class for RDBMS drivers
SYNOPSIS
use Alzabo::SQLMaker::MySQL;
my $sql = Alzabo::SQLMaker::MySQL->new( driver => $driver_object );
# or better yet
my $sql = $runtime_schema->sqlmaker;
DESCRIPTION
This is the base class for all Alzabo::SQLMaker modules. To instantiate a driver call this class's "new"
method. See "SUBCLASSING Alzabo::SQLMaker" for information on how to make a driver for the RDBMS of your
choice.
METHODS
available
Returns A list of names representing the available "Alzabo::SQLMaker" subclasses. Any one of these names
would be appropriate as a parameter for the "Alzabo::SQLMaker->load()" method.
load
Load the specified subclass.
This takes one parameter, the name of the RDBMS being used.
Throws: "Alzabo::Exception::Eval"
new
This takes two parameters:
• driver
The driver object being used by the schema.
• quote_identifiers
A boolean value indicating whether or not identifiers should be quoted. This defaults to false.
GENERATING SQL
This class can be used to generate SQL by calling methods that are the same as those used in SQL
("select()", "update()", etc.) in sequence, with the appropriate parameters.
There are four entry point methods, "select()", "insert()", "update()", and "delete()". Attempting to
call any other method without first calling one of these is an error.
Entry Points
These methods are called as class methods and return a new object.
select ("Alzabo::Table" and/or "Alzabo::Column" objects)
This begins a select. The columns to be selected are the column(s) passed in, and/or the columns of the
table(s) passed in as arguments.
Followed by:
"from()"
"** function"
insert
Followed by:
"into()"
update ("Alzabo::Table")
Followed by:
"set()"
delete
Followed by:
"from()"
Other Methods
All of these methods return the object itself, making it possible to chain together method calls such as:
Alzabo::SQLMaker->select($column)->from($table)->where($other_column, '>', 2);
from ("Alzabo::Table" object, ...)
The table(s) from which we are selecting data.
Follows:
"select()"
"** function"
"delete()"
Followed by:
"where()"">
"order_by()"
Throws: "Alzabo::Exception::SQL"
where <see below>
The first parameter to where must be an "Alzabo::Column" object or SQL function. The second is a
comparison operator of some sort, given as a string. The third argument can be an "Alzabo::Column"
object, a value (a number or string), or an "Alzabo::SQLMaker" object. The latter is treated as a
subselect.
Values given as parameters will be properly quoted and escaped.
Some comparison operators allow additional parameters.
The "BETWEEN" comparison operator requires a fourth argument. This must be either an "Alzabo::Column"
object or a value.
The "IN" and <NOT IN> operators allow any number of additional parameters, which may be "Alzabo::Column"
objects, values, or "Alzabo::SQLMaker" objects.
Follows:
"from()"
Followed by:
"and()"
"or()"
"order_by()"
Throws: "Alzabo::Exception::SQL"
and (same as "where")
or (same as "where")
These methods take the same parameters as the "where()""> method.
Follows:
"where()"">
"and()"
"or()"
Followed by:
"and()"
"or()"
"order_by()"
Throws: "Alzabo::Exception::SQL"
order_by ("Alzabo::Column" objects)
Adds an "ORDER BY" clause to your SQL.
Follows:
"from()"
"where()"">
"and()"
"or()"
Followed by:
"limit()"
Throws: "Alzabo::Exception::SQL"
limit ($max, optional $offset)
Specifies a limit on the number of rows to be returned. The offset parameter is optional.
Follows:
"from()"
"where()"">
"and()"
"or()"
"order_by()"
"Alzabo::Exception::SQL"
into ("Alzabo::Table" object, optional "Alzabo::Column" objects)
Used to specify what table an insert is into. If column objects are given then it is expected that
values will only be given for that object. Otherwise, it assumed that all columns will be specified in
the "values()" method.
Follows:
"insert()"
Followed by:
"values()"
Throws: "Alzabo::Exception::SQL"
values ("Alzabo::Column" object => $value, ...)
This method expects to recive an structured like a hash where the keys are "Alzabo::Column" objects and
the values are the value to be inserted into that column.
Follows:
"into()"
Throws: "Alzabo::Exception::SQL"
set ("Alzabo::Column" object => $value, ...)
This method'a parameter are exactly like those given to the "values" method.
Follows:
"update()"
Followed by:
"where()"">
Throws: "Alzabo::Exception::SQL"
RETRIEVING SQL FROM THE OBJECT
sql
This method can be called at any time, though obviously it will not return valid SQL unless called at a
natural end point. In the future, an exception may be thrown if called when the SQL is not in a valid
state.
Returns the SQL generated so far as a string.
bind
Returns an array reference containing the parameters to be bound to the SQL statement.
SUBCLASSING Alzabo::SQLMaker
To create a subclass of "Alzabo::SQLMaker" for your particular RDBMS requires only that the virtual
methods listed below be implemented.
In addition, you may choose to override any of the other methods described in this documentation. For
example, the MySQL subclass override the "_subselect()" method because MySQL cannot support sub-selects.
Subclasses are also expected to offer for export various sets of functions matching SQL functions. See
the "Alzabo::SQLMaker::MySQL" subclass implementation for details.
VIRTUAL METHODS
The following methods must be implemented by the subclass:
limit
See above for the definition of this method.
get_limit
This method may return "undef" even if the "limit()" method was called. Some RDBMS's have special SQL
syntax for "LIMIT" clauses. For those that don't support this, the "Alzabo::Driver" module takes a
"limit" parameter.
The return value of this method can be passed in as that parameter.
If the RDBMS does not support "LIMIT" clauses, the return value is an array reference containing two
values, the maximum number of rows allowed and the row offset (the first row that should be used).
If the RDBMS does support "LIMIT" clauses, then the return value is "undef".
sqlmaker_id
Returns the subclass's name. This should be something that can be passed to "Alzabo::SQLMaker->load()"
as a parameter.
AUTHOR
Dave Rolsky, <dave@urth.org>
perl v5.34.0 2022-06-14 Alzabo::SQLMaker(3pm)