Ubuntu Manpage: ssdeep - Computes context triggered piecewise hashes (fuzzy hashes)

Provided by: ssdeep_2.14.1+git20180629.57fcfff-3_amd64

NAME

       ssdeep - Computes context triggered piecewise hashes (fuzzy hashes)

SYNOPSIS

       ssdeep [-m <file>] [-k <file>] [-vdprgsblcxa] [-t val] [FILES]
       ssdeep [-V|h]

DESCRIPTION

Computes a signature based on context triggered piecewise hashes for each input file, also called a fuzzy
hash. If requested, the program matches those signatures against a file of known signatures and reports
any possible matches. It can also examine one or more files of signatures and find any matches in those
files. Output is written to standard out and errors to standard error.

-m <file>
Loads the specified file of known hashes to be used for matching. This file must be a previous
output of the program. The program then hashes each entry in FILES and compares these signatures
to the known signatures. Any matches which score above the threshold are displayed. This flag
may be used multiple times to load more known signatures. This flag may not be used with the -k
or -x flags.

-k <file>
Load the specified file of known hashes to be used for matching. This file must be a previous
output of the program. The program then treats each entry in FILES as a set of known hashes as
well. The hashes in these FILES are compared to the known hashes from this file. Matches which
score above the threshold are displayed. Both the file specified here and the input FILES should
contain fuzzy hashes. This flag may be used multiple times to load more known signatures. This
flag may not be used with the -m, -d, or -p flags.

-v Verbose mode. The name of each file is printed to standard error as it is being hashed.

-d Computes a signature for each entry in the FILES and compares it to the set of known signatures.
Matches which score above the threshold are displayed. The computed signature is then added to the
set of known signatures. This flag may not be used with the -k or -x flags.

-p Works like the -d flag, but displays all matches for each file. That is, for two files A and B
which match score above the threshold, displays "A matches B" and "B matches A". This flag may
not be used with the -k or -x flags.

-r Enables recursive mode. All subdirectories are traversed. Please note that recursive mode cannot
be used to examine all files of a given file extension. For example, invoking the program with -r
*.txt will examine all files in directories that end in .txt. If you want to process all files in
a directory tree with the .txt suffix, try using the find(1) command.

-g Similar files are grouped together into clusters. This can be handy for finding more similar
files. That is, if you are searching for file A, which matches B, anything which matches B will
also be included in the cluster.

-s Silent mode. All error messages are suppressed.

-b Enables bare mode. Strips any leading directory information from displayed filenames. This flag
may not be used in conjunction with the -l flag.

-l Enables relative file paths. Instead of printing the absolute path for each file, displays the
relative file path as indicated on the command line. This flag may not be used in conjunction with
the -b flag.

-c Enables comma separated output mode. In any of the matching modes -d, -p, or -m, displays the
results as input file, known file, matching score.

-x Signature file matching. Each entry in FILES must contain signatures generated by a previous
output of the program. Each signature is loaded and compared against the set of known hashes.
Match scores above the threshold are displayed. Each signature is then added to the set of knowns.
This flag may not be used with the -m, -d, or -p flags.

-a Displays all matches in any of the matching mode, regardless of score. Using the -a flag displays
all results, even if the match score is zero.

-t <val>
In any of the matching modes, only display matches when match score is greater than the given
value. The default threshold value is zero.

-h Show a help screen and exit.

-V Show the version number and exit.

RETURN VALUE

       Returns  0  on  success,  1  if  there  is  a  problem.  Read errors, permission denied, and encountering
       directories while not in recursive mode are still considered successes. Problems are  things  like  being
       unable to load the matching file, specifying both bare and relative paths, etc.

AUTHOR

       ssdeep was written by Jesse Kornblum of Facebook,
       research@jessekornblum.com

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