Provided by: pftools_3.2.12-1_amd64 
NAME
ptoh - converts a PROSITE formatted profile into an approximately equivalent HMM
SYNOPSIS
ptoh [ -fFhs ] [ -D del_to_del ] [ -I ins_to_ins ] [ -L log_base ] [ profile | - ] [ random_model ]
[ parameters ]
DESCRIPTION
ptoh converts a PROSITE formatted generalized profile into an approximately equivalent HMMER1 (default)
or SAM formatted hidden Markov model (HMM). The file 'profile' is a nucleic acid or protein profile in
PROSITE format. If '-' is specified instead of a filename, the profile is read from the standard input.
The random_model file contains a simple null-model in the format used by the HMM search programs of the
HMMER1 package. The result is written to the standard output.
The profile-to-HMM conversion method is described in Bucher et al. (1996). All profile scores
corresponding to transitions which are not supported by the HMM architectures of the SAM and HMMER1
packages, are ignored. If no random model is specified on the command line, the null model given in the
GENERAL_SPEC data block of the profile is used. If this is also missing, a flat residue distribution is
assumed.
OPTIONS
profile
Input PROSITE generalized profile. The motif described by the profile will be converted into an
approximately equivalent HMM. If the filename is replaced by a '-', ptoh will read the input
profile from stdin.
random_model
Input random model file.
This file should contain a simple null-model using the same residue alphabet as the profile.
-f Generate free insert-modules (FIMs) at the beginning and at the end of the model which
approximately emulate domain-global or semi-global alignment mode (see Bucher et al. 1996).
-F Generate free insert-modules (FIMs) at the beginning and at the end of the model which
approximately emulate local alignment mode.
-h Display usage help text.
Note: The meaning of this option has changed between version 2.2 and the current release of the
pftools package. No option is needed to get HMMER1 output format because it is the default
(see option -s).
-s Output in SAM format.
-D del_to_del
Delete-to-delete transition probabilities.
They are used in conjunction with FIMs (options -f, -F). This value will be imposed on all
delete-to-delete transitions of the model. The other outgoing transitions from the affected
delete states will be renormalized to satisfy the "sum to one" requirement. Note that the
application of the D parameter precedes the application of the I parameter. Delete-to-delete
probabilities at the beginning and at the end of the model may thus change again as a result of
renormalizations following the application of the I parameter.
Default: 0.9
-I ins_to_ins
Insert-to-insert transition probabilities.
They are used in the FIMs (options -f, -F). This value will be imposed on the first and the last
match-to-insert and insert-to-insert transition probabilities of the model. The other outgoing
transitions of the affected states will be renormalized such as to satisfy the "summing to one"
requirement. If the -F option is simultaneously set, the I parameter will also be imposed on the
insert-to-delete transition probability at the beginning, and on the delete-to-insert transition
probability at the end of the model.
Default: 0.99
-L log_base
Logarithmic base.
Specifies the logarithmic base used for conversion of the profile scores into HMM probabilities
(The profile scores are interpreted as log-odds ratios, see Bucher et al. 1996). This value over-
writes the logarithmic base specified within the profile by the optional LOG_BASE parameter.
Default: 1.0233739 (1/30 bit units)
PARAMETERS
Note: for backwards compatibility, release 2.3 of the pftools package will parse the version 2.2 style
parameters, but these are deprecated and the corresponding option (refer to the options section)
should be used instead.
D=# Delete-to-delete transition probabilities.
Use option -D instead.
I=# Insert-to-insert transition probabilities.
Use option -I instead.
L=# Logarithmic base.
Use option -L instead.
EXAMPLES
(1) ptoh -Fs -L 1.0233739 sh3.prf standard.random > sh3.hmm
Generates a SAM formatted HMM for the SH3 domain from a profile. The file 'sh3.prf' contains the
source profile in PROSITE format. The file 'standard.random' contains the null-model used for
conversion of the log-odds ratios into probabilities. The logarithmic base 1.0233739 corresponds
to 1/30 bits, the implicit scale of the profile. The -F option causes the HMM to emulate local
alignment (fragment search) mode.
EXIT CODE
On successful completion of its task, ptoh will return an exit code of 0. If an error occurs, a
diagnostic message will be output on standard error and the exit code will be different from 0. When
conflicting options where passed to the program but the task could nevertheless be completed, warnings
will be issued on standard error.
REFERENCES
Bucher P, Karplus K, Moeri N & Hofmann, K. (1996). A flexible motif search technique based on
generalized profiles. Comput. Chem. 20:3-24.
AUTHOR
The pftools package was developed by Philipp Bucher.
Any comments or suggestions should be addressed to <pftools@sib.swiss>.
pftools 2.3 April 2003 PTOH(1)