Provided by: bind9-utils_9.18.30-0ubuntu0.24.04.2_amd64 
NAME
dnssec-settime - set the key timing metadata for a DNSSEC key
SYNOPSIS
dnssec-settime [-f] [-K directory] [-L ttl] [-P date/offset] [-P ds date/offset] [-P sync date/offset]
[-A date/offset] [-R date/offset] [-I date/offset] [-D date/offset] [-D ds date/offset] [-D sync
date/offset] [-S key] [-i interval] [-h] [-V] [-v level] [-E engine] {keyfile} [-s] [-g state] [-d state
date/offset] [-k state date/offset] [-r state date/offset] [-z state date/offset]
DESCRIPTION
dnssec-settime reads a DNSSEC private key file and sets the key timing metadata as specified by the -P,
-A, -R, -I, and -D options. The metadata can then be used by dnssec-signzone or other signing software to
determine when a key is to be published, whether it should be used for signing a zone, etc.
If none of these options is set on the command line, dnssec-settime simply prints the key timing metadata
already stored in the key.
When key metadata fields are changed, both files of a key pair (Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key and
Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.private) are regenerated.
Metadata fields are stored in the private file. A human-readable description of the metadata is also
placed in comments in the key file. The private file's permissions are always set to be inaccessible to
anyone other than the owner (mode 0600).
When working with state files, it is possible to update the timing metadata in those files as well with
-s. With this option, it is also possible to update key states with -d (DS), -k (DNSKEY), -r (RRSIG of
KSK), or -z (RRSIG of ZSK). Allowed states are HIDDEN, RUMOURED, OMNIPRESENT, and UNRETENTIVE.
The goal state of the key can also be set with -g. This should be either HIDDEN or OMNIPRESENT,
representing whether the key should be removed from the zone or published.
It is NOT RECOMMENDED to manipulate state files manually, except for testing purposes.
OPTIONS
-f This option forces an update of an old-format key with no metadata fields. Without this option,
dnssec-settime fails when attempting to update a legacy key. With this option, the key is
recreated in the new format, but with the original key data retained. The key's creation date is
set to the present time. If no other values are specified, then the key's publication and
activation dates are also set to the present time.
-K directory
This option sets the directory in which the key files are to reside.
-L ttl This option sets the default TTL to use for this key when it is converted into a DNSKEY RR. This
is the TTL used when the key is imported into a zone, unless there was already a DNSKEY RRset in
place, in which case the existing TTL takes precedence. If this value is not set and there is no
existing DNSKEY RRset, the TTL defaults to the SOA TTL. Setting the default TTL to 0 or none
removes it from the key.
-h This option emits a usage message and exits.
-V This option prints version information.
-v level
This option sets the debugging level.
-E engine
This option specifies the cryptographic hardware to use, when applicable.
When BIND 9 is built with OpenSSL, this needs to be set to the OpenSSL engine identifier that
drives the cryptographic accelerator or hardware service module (usually pkcs11).
TIMING OPTIONS
Dates can be expressed in the format YYYYMMDD or YYYYMMDDHHMMSS (which is the format used inside key
files), or 'Day Mon DD HH:MM:SS YYYY' (as printed by dnssec-settime -p), or UNIX epoch time (as printed
by dnssec-settime -up), or the literal now.
The argument can be followed by + or - and an offset from the given time. The literal now can be omitted
before an offset. The offset can be followed by one of the suffixes y, mo, w, d, h, or mi, so that it is
computed in years (defined as 365 24-hour days, ignoring leap years), months (defined as 30 24-hour
days), weeks, days, hours, or minutes, respectively. Without a suffix, the offset is computed in seconds.
To unset a date, use none, never, or unset.
All these formats are case-insensitive.
-P date/offset
This option sets the date on which a key is to be published to the zone. After that date, the key
is included in the zone but is not used to sign it.
ds date/offset
This option sets the date on which DS records that match this key have been seen in the
parent zone.
sync date/offset
This option sets the date on which CDS and CDNSKEY records that match this key are to be
published to the zone.
-A date/offset
This option sets the date on which the key is to be activated. After that date, the key is
included in the zone and used to sign it.
-R date/offset
This option sets the date on which the key is to be revoked. After that date, the key is flagged
as revoked. It is included in the zone and is used to sign it.
-I date/offset
This option sets the date on which the key is to be retired. After that date, the key is still
included in the zone, but it is not used to sign it.
-D date/offset
This option sets the date on which the key is to be deleted. After that date, the key is no longer
included in the zone. (However, it may remain in the key repository.)
ds date/offset
This option sets the date on which the DS records that match this key have been seen
removed from the parent zone.
sync date/offset
This option sets the date on which the CDS and CDNSKEY records that match this key are to
be deleted.
-S predecessor key
This option selects a key for which the key being modified is an explicit successor. The name,
algorithm, size, and type of the predecessor key must exactly match those of the key being
modified. The activation date of the successor key is set to the inactivation date of the
predecessor. The publication date is set to the activation date minus the prepublication interval,
which defaults to 30 days.
-i interval
This option sets the prepublication interval for a key. If set, then the publication and
activation dates must be separated by at least this much time. If the activation date is specified
but the publication date is not, the publication date defaults to this much time before the
activation date; conversely, if the publication date is specified but not the activation date,
activation is set to this much time after publication.
If the key is being created as an explicit successor to another key, then the default
prepublication interval is 30 days; otherwise it is zero.
As with date offsets, if the argument is followed by one of the suffixes y, mo, w, d, h, or mi,
the interval is measured in years, months, weeks, days, hours, or minutes, respectively. Without a
suffix, the interval is measured in seconds.
KEY STATE OPTIONS
To test dnssec-policy it may be necessary to construct keys with artificial state information; these
options are used by the testing framework for that purpose, but should never be used in production.
Known key states are HIDDEN, RUMOURED, OMNIPRESENT, and UNRETENTIVE.
-s This option indicates that when setting key timing data, the state file should also be updated.
-g state
This option sets the goal state for this key. Must be HIDDEN or OMNIPRESENT.
-d state date/offset
This option sets the DS state for this key as of the specified date, offset from the current date.
-k state date/offset
This option sets the DNSKEY state for this key as of the specified date, offset from the current
date.
-r state date/offset
This option sets the RRSIG (KSK) state for this key as of the specified date, offset from the
current date.
-z state date/offset
This option sets the RRSIG (ZSK) state for this key as of the specified date, offset from the
current date.
PRINTING OPTIONS
dnssec-settime can also be used to print the timing metadata associated with a key.
-u This option indicates that times should be printed in Unix epoch format.
-p C/P/Pds/Psync/A/R/I/D/Dds/Dsync/all
This option prints a specific metadata value or set of metadata values. The -p option may be
followed by one or more of the following letters or strings to indicate which value or values to
print: C for the creation date, P for the publication date, Pds` for the DS publication date,
``Psync for the CDS and CDNSKEY publication date, A for the activation date, R for the revocation
date, I for the inactivation date, D for the deletion date, Dds for the DS deletion date, and
Dsync for the CDS and CDNSKEY deletion date. To print all of the metadata, use all.
SEE ALSO
dnssec-keygen(8), dnssec-signzone(8), BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual, RFC 5011.
AUTHOR
Internet Systems Consortium
COPYRIGHT
2025, Internet Systems Consortium
9.18.30-0ubuntu0.24.04.2-Ubuntu 2024-09-09 DNSSEC-SETTIME(1)